According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition-Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR), substance dependence may involve several symptoms (tolerance, withdrawal, adverse repercussions on social and professional areas, loss of control of the consumption, and persistence despite the adverse effects engendered).
This is consistent with other studies showing that geminivirus-induced symptoms may involve changes in hormone signaling [1], [5], [45].
As the recall of the onset of symptoms may involve some recall biases, three measurements with different methods will be used to minimise the measurement error.
Since the neurobiology of BPSD is still unclear, it seems likely that the symptoms may involve different neurotransmitter systems and may therefore respond to different therapies (Kozman et al 2006).
As a result, treatment for each patient focuses on managing symptoms and may involve a process of trial and error.
It was successful to relieve patients with AMD with NGF eye drop, which suggested the lack of NGF may be a cause of the AMD symptoms and may involve in the disease progress [ 57].
As a consequence, most patients present with different multifocal neurological symptoms that may involve the cranial nerves (oculomotor, facial, cochlear and optic), the spine and the cerebrum [ 3, 4].
Schizophrenia is a complex pathology that may involve, among its many signs and symptoms, severe delusions and hallucinations.
The biological mechanisms responsible for the onset and exacerbation of asthma symptoms in children may involve the epigenetic regulation of inflammatory genes after environmental exposures.
Respiratory symptoms in early childhood may involve pathologies and etiologies that are different from clinical asthma [ 45].
