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In very old and often fragile patients, these effects may involve excess morbidity and mortality, making it necessary to develop blood-saving strategies (BSS) [ 9, 12].
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For example gout, lupus and rheumatoid arthritisall involve excess inflammation.
Treatment of tinnitus may involve simply removing excess earwax or terminating the use of medications that can cause the condition.
Proposed mechanisms of VNS in pain pathways may involve modulation of excess glutamate levels in the trigeminal nucleus caudalis, effects on pain control centers, and modulation of cortical excitability [9 11].
Possible system issues leading to error may involve staff shortages and/or excess workload, staff inexperience, inadequate equipment, a less than optimal reporting environment (e.g. poor lighting conditions) or inattention due to constant repetition of similar tasks.
While the precise neural mechanisms underlying this process are unknown, it has been proposed that experience-expectant mechanisms may involve the generation of an excess of synaptic connections, with experiential input subsequently determining which synapses will become elaborated or sustained and which will be lost (Greenough, Black & Wallace, 1987).
Excess osteoclast activity in osteolysis may involve not only generation and activation of OCs, but also increased recruitment of OCPs.
Deleterious effects on the skin due to abnormal production of melanin have been also discussed because excess melanin could result in genotoxicity and may involve pathogenesis of malignant melanoma [ 9].
Deals involve selling options on licenses early in the development process, co-development that may involve on-site collaboration (where an operator with both investment capital and excess capacity provides laboratory space and operational support in exchange for preferred rights), and equity investments.
Excess circulating fat, as seen in obesity, has been shown to decrease β-cell function, an effect that may involve decreased SIRT1 activity.
The recommended choices may involve tradeoffs.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com