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Despite the complex molecular etiology of SLE, corticosteroids are commonly used to treat most of the SLE patients but long term usage of these drugs may induce numerous side effects, urging a need to develop more target- or mechanism-based therapy with less adverse effect.
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In turn, CD80/86 signal via NF-κB NF-κBduce numerous cytokinducemost numerousIL-6 [14].
Corticosteroids inhibit numerous pro-inflammatory responses and induce numerous anti-inflammatory pathways.
Bacteria induce numerous physiological changes to adapt to the stress induced by bile.
Short functional peptides have been reported to induce numerous cellular activities without immune rejection [ 1].
TGF- β signaling increased in fatty liver with inflammation [ 33– 35] and TGF- β may induce apoptosis in numerous cell types [ 36].
Therefore, the next step is to assess whether dioscin may induce the formation of numerous AVOs in A549 and H1299.
Furthermore, in the clinical setting of severe AECOPD requiring mechanical ventilation, numerous parameters may induce or deteriorate the pre-existing pulmonary hypertension, including hypoxic vasoconstriction, mechanical stress of hyperinflated lungs, loss of capillaries and inflammation.
Although a single stress (e.g., forced swim stress) may induce depressive episodes, there are numerous clinical observations that the appearance of the disorder symptoms is usually related to chronic stressful life events (e.g., financial problems) [ 18].
Estrogen receptors, once activated, may induce increased or decreased transcription of its numerous targets, which have been investigated by expression arrays [ 17, 18].
The successful imitation of human glomerulonephritis achieved in 26 experiments by exposing animals to various hydrocarbons is a further confirmation, suggested by numerous observational studies, that such exposure may induce glomerulonephritis in predisposed individuals.
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