Use of a small diameter implant may increase the stress on bone around the implant neck; however, an expanded platform design may mitigate these stress concentrations.
In severely osteoporotic bones, internal fixation with plate and screws may increase the risk of implant failure due to loosening.
Incorporation of Si may increase the bioactivity of implant locally, both by enhancing interactions at the graft host interface and by having a potential endocrine like effect on osteoblasts.
A subcutaneous progestogen only implant may increase the risk by 40%, whereas the levonorgestrel intrauterine system did not confer any increased risk, but perhaps even protection.
Fixation with two implants may increase the accuracy of reduction and reduce complications with fracture nonunion compared with using a single implant.
Some authors have pointed out that hydroxyapatite (HA) particles released from HA-coated implants may increase polyethylene wear (Bloebaum et al. 1994, Røkkum et al. 2002).
Although breast reconstruction has been shown to provide psychosocial benefits to breast cancer survivors [ 11- 13], concerns have been raised that breast implants may increase the risk of local complications and systemic diseases, including certain cancers and autoimmune diseases [ 2, 3, 14, 15].
Surface modifications may increase the osseointegrative properties of implants [ 1– 3], and optimizing bony ingrowth has been the subject of extensive investigation literature for years [ 4– 8].
However, studies have shown that while the tube current may increase over the region of the implant, overall ATCM still provides a net reduction in tube current when compared with fixed tube current settings [30].
Modern implant designs and materials may increase the strength of the tibial baseplate, durability of the liner locking mechanism, and UHMWPE wear resistance, while better surgical techniques may improve implant fixation suggesting that bicruciate retaining TKA could be feasible.
