Your English writing platform
Discover LudwigSuggestions(5)
Exact(7)
11 In other words, estrogens conserve bone mass, while testosterone may increase bone mass.
Moreover, BMP1 has been linked to arthritis and bone formation [ 57, 58] and may increase bone formation in several ways.
As an example, an intervention to treat osteoporosis may increase bone mineral density (surrogate outcome) but may not be associated with decreased occurrence of hip fracture (primary outcome).
Any underlying secondary cause of osteoporosis should be treated if possible, as specific treatment of underlying conditions such as hyperthyroidism, hypogonadism and hyperparathyroidism may increase bone density by 10%20%%.
Increased bone mass has been proposed as a risk factor for OA independent of age and other factors, because higher bone mass may increase bone stiffness and thereby increase loading of articular cartilage and lead to cartilage damage [ 13, 14].
21 24 Although some predictors, such as multiple fractures within the bone flap, wound infection after CP and insecure fixation of the bone, may increase bone resorption rates, the impact of other factors, such as bone flap preservation or timing of CP, is unknown.
Similar(53)
Estrogen also prevents the loss of bone density that accelerates at menopause and the hormone may actually increase bone mass after menopause, countering osteoporosis and debilitating fractures, some of which are life-threatening.
Treatment with parathyroid hormone 1 84 (PTH) or teriparatide increases osteonal remodeling and decreases bone mineral density (BMD) at cortical (Ct) bone sites but may also increase bone size.
At higher than physiologic dosages, active vitamin D may actually increase bone resorption.
Statins may also increase bone formation by inhibiting osteoblast apoptosis through the TGFβ/Smad3 signalling pathway.
Additional age-related mechanisms such as vitamin D deficiency and secondary hyperparathyroidism or reduced mechanical loading may also increase bone loss in elderly subjects.
Write better and faster with AI suggestions while staying true to your unique style.
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com