For example, they may include some ecological factors (pollution) and those related to life style (low physical activity, stress).
Explanations for the prevalence of host specialists may be ecological or evolutionary, and include ecological tradeoffs between diet breadth and diet quality [2], and genetic tradeoffs in the ability to utilize alternative hosts [3], [4].
Farmers' ecological knowledge may include concepts of lateral flows and should be further explored as an integral part of a new landscape ecological approach.
This management may include biodiversity conservation or restoration for ecological function.
The "Phase 2" environmental study is a $25,000 and up report that may include testing soil samples, hiring of ecological experts and extensive research into existing land use of the entire property.
These enzymes have evolved to function in ecological niches that may include very low or very high temperature, extreme pH, high salt concentration or high pressure.
One caveat to the support we find for the tiered approach to risk assessment is that laboratory studies should expose NTOs in the full variety of relevant ecological contexts, which may include indirect exposure via an intervening trophic level.
According to the respondents, the adverse ecological impacts of Eucalyptus may include a decline in soil fertility through acidification and competition, reduction in forage availability due to allelopathic effect, and a decline in the availability of groundwater.
A geographic conservation approach, in contrast, may include a wide variety of species of different ecological characteristics in a given area.
Studies of disease prediction differ in exactly what they predict, which may include transmission stability indices, vector abundance (e.g., ecological niche models), transmission suitability for a region (e.g., [ 14]), and human malaria incidence or prevalence.
