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Nevertheless, understanding whether the nano-scale carriers themselves may exert adverse effects is of great importance.
Experimental studies and the efficiency of current treatment protocols suggest that H2S may exert adverse physiological effects through additional mechanisms.
Blood BPA levels in a group of pregnant mothers and their fetuses ranged from 0.3 18.9 and 0.2 9.2 ng/ml, respectively, implying that human exposure to low BPA levels may exert adverse biological effects.
However, NSAIDs may exert adverse direct effects on cartilage, particularly if treatment is prolonged.
Air pollution may exert adverse effects on central nervous system (CNS) function.
A large number of chemicals may exert adverse effects on the central and/or peripheral nervous system.
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If this is not the case, volume expansion may only exert adverse effects without having any hemodynamic benefit.
However, currently available anti-arrhythmic drugs are only moderately effective in preventing or terminating AF, and may also exert adverse effects.
Moreover, proteins from transgene expression may also exert adverse effects on normal cells either directly or indirectly through conversion of prodrugs to cytotoxic agents (Freeman et al, 1993; Rosenfeld et al, 1995; Alvarez and Curiel, 1997; Pope et al, 1997; Chada et al, 2003).
Periodontitis is a prevalent oral inflammatory disease that leads to alveolar bone loss and may exert an adverse impact on systemic health.
However, recent investigations have revealed that arsenic may exert its adverse effects via epigenetic pathways.
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