Therefore, the stiffening of large arteries may directly increase pulsatile stress, especially in these vessels because of increased aortic characteristic impedance and early return of wave reflection and could cause glomerular and/or tubular damage via increased intrarenal pulse pressure (22), possibly leading to microvascular kidney damage (albuminuria and/or reduction of GFR).
This indicates that PF4 may directly increase IL-6 through KLF4, but PF4 induced increase in TNFα is indirect/downstream or through other transcription factor pathways.
Eosinophils, mast cells, basophils, and alveolar macrophages can directly synthesize the 4-series Cyst-LTs, which can increase vascular permeability and contract smooth muscle cells, causing bronchoconstriction, and may directly increase eosinophilic airway inflammation [18].
Eosinophils, mast cells and basophils can directly synthesis Cyst-LTs, which can cause tissue edema, stimulate airway secretions, promote cell cycling and proliferation of airway smooth muscle, and may directly increase eosinophilic inflammation [24].
Genz-112638 may directly increase hepatic insulin receptor (IR) signaling, since GSLs within lipid rafts are known to modulate the activity of the IR and other membrane associated receptors [20], [21], [22].
This high correlation between the three factors indicates a common pathway is involved in the formation various vitreoretinal disorders (Figure 3, 6); IL-6 is a multifunctional cytokine that may indirectly cause an increase of vascular permeability by inducing the expression of VEGF [30] or alternatively may directly increase endothelial cell permeability [31].
Studies suggest that patients who develop malignancies associated with systemic IS therapy have tumours such as NMSC or lymphomas, which are treatable and may not directly increase mortality; however, they may have a significant impact on morbidity and the patient's quality of life [7, 48, 54].
The authors suggested that dabigatran may not directly increase the risk of myocardial infarction, but may lack the beneficial effects of warfarin in prevention of myocardial infarction.
That is, openness and creative potential may not directly increase creative achievement, but they foster the exertion of creative activities.
These are in part related to weight gain, but they may also directly increase insulin resistance, increasing the likelihood of diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension.
Extensive outreach strategies in the community, the addition of public health initiatives to increase awareness of ASD, and the impact of family and friends may have directly increased ASD specific self referral into the Autism Center.
