We hope that novel targeted agents may decrease long-term side effects by replacing conventional radiotherapy and chemotherapy; however, care needs to be taken, because many targeted pathways play important roles in normal development, and new toxicities and side effects may emerge in the acute and chronic settings.
The high surface roughness increases the durability of the material while it might increase the chances of fouling, thus may decrease the long-term performance of the MFC.
Cytokine concentrations may decrease after long-term hyperoxic exposure, and a fast upregulation of inflammatory action can be followed by a gradual impairment or suppression of the innate immune system [28], which may in turn make the lung more susceptible to injury and infection.
To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to provide epidemiologic evidence that adherence to dietary recommendations of the AHEI may decrease the long-term risk of all-cause and CVD mortality.
Some children even play a game to keep a jawbreaker in their mouth as long as possible.2 Consequently, the intra-oral pH may decrease for a long time to values between 4 and 4.5, a considerable risk for the development of dental erosion.
Early diagnosis, close follow up, and appropriate treatment of patients at risk for severe or disseminated disease may decrease the number of long-term illnesses and deaths.
Although there was some evidence among patients with non-alcoholic chronic pancreatitis that risk may decrease with increasing duration, long-term duration was not assessed [ 35].
In summary, in a subset of patients biologic-free and even drug-free remission can be achieved; pursuing these possibilities in practice may decrease the risk for long-term side effects and attenuate the economic burden of the disease.
We speculate that working long hours may decrease tolerance for dealing with challenging patient issues, but this hypothesis requires further study.
As Comeron et al. [ 16] suggest selection efficacy on optimal codons may decrease with gene length, as long genes with higher numbers of potentially interfering sites may experience a stronger Hill-Robertson effect.
We may assume that religious involvement is an interesting mediator that might account for the positive effect of R/S on health status, by encouraging healthy life-style habits (avoidance of smoking and alcohol, dietary and sexual restrictions) which in the long term may decrease morbidity [ 8].
