Edges represent behaviors that may cause progression (or regression) through task states.
First clinical experience indicates that LCL-stimulated T cell lines may cause tumor regression in some cases but clinical responses are often partial and transient [21], most likely because of immune evasion strategies by tumor cells such as non-expression of the EBNA3 family of proteins, the immunodominant targets of the latent antigen-specific CD8+ T cell response [3], [8].
The history of endocrine therapy for advanced breast cancer started more than a decade ago with the seminal discovery by George Beatson (1896) that ovarian ablation may cause tumor regression in premenopausal women.
This is further underlined by recent studies showing that targeted inhibition of mutated BRAF may cause tumor regression in metastatic melanomas harboring BRAF V600E mutations [ 12, 13], as well as findings indicating that treatment of BRAF-mutated melanomas may benefit from inhibition of the downstream effector MEK [ 14].
Because new blood vessels found in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy are leaky and do not mature [38], [39], we speculate that application of the nanoceria may be an effective treatment to cause regression of these pathologic new blood vessels.
Further, despite the randomisation, the control group had on average higher, though non significant, scores for the outcome measurements at baseline, which may have caused regression to the mean.
Tumour burden may actually increase before an immune response develops enough to cause regression.
As in selected patients therapy with modern chemotherapy protocols may cause marked tumour regression that may enable further therapeutic action with curative intent, colonic resection with adequate lymphadenectomy is recommended, though this is not mandatory requirement and the decision to perform lymphadenectomy remains at the discretion of the executing surgeon.
Other limitations include that the sample size and the small changes in LFC may cause associations in regression analyses to be missed, and that the analyses of associations were made without adjusting for multiple testing, which increases the chance of type I errors.
