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Both red and white blood cell deformability is reduced, which may cause microvascular plugging.
Insufficient feedback of microthrombi formation by plasma ADAMTS-13, which has been shown to affect the size of microthrombi, may cause microvascular thrombosis of TTP [ 11].
Studies suggest that uric acid may cause microvascular complications through endothelial dysfunction, increased activity of the renin angiotensin aldosterone system, and induction of the inflammatory cascade including increased CRP levels (24).
Although the underlying mechanism linking DPN to arterial stiffness is not well understood, one possible explanation is that large artery stiffness may cause microvascular damage via high pulse pressure, leading to diminished blood flow to nerve tissues vulnerable to hypoxic damage, and thereby to the development of neuropathy (13).
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Under chronic hyperglycemia, endogenous TNF- α production is in increased microvascular and neural tissues, which may cause accelerated microvascular permeability, hypercoagulability, and nerve damage, thus initiating and promoting the development of characteristic lesions of diabetic microangiopathy, polyneuropathy, and encephalopathy [ 58, 59].
Aβ peptides are also considered to cause microvascular degeneration, cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), vessel wall rupture, and cerebral perfusion deficits2.
PDT is known to cause microvascular destruction in tumor tissues.
This suggests that smoking may accelerate the development of aortic stiffness in type 1 diabetic patients in the presence of core risk factors that are well-known to cause microvascular damage.
In patients with severe sepsis, there is some evidence to suggest that abnormalities of microvascular flow may cause tissue hypoxia [ 25, 26], while the use of vasoactive drug therapy has been shown to improve both tissue microvascular flow and oxygenation in this group [ 27- 29].
These results suggest that regionally impaired myocardial perfusion reserve due to microvascular dysfunction may cause relative hypoperfusion in myocardial perfusion gated SPECT.
Several microvascular parameters may cause high resistance to blood flow in tumor tissues, including small vessel diameters, long vessel segment lengths, and high vessel tortuosity [ 26].
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com