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Triazole-linked, glucose-based surfactants 4a-g and other carbohydrate surfactants may cause apoptosis, and not necrosis, at low micromolar concentrations via induction of the intrinsic apoptotic cascade; however, additional studies are needed to fully explore the molecular mechanisms of their toxicity.
We have shown that tumor suppressor p53 physically interacts with WOX1, and both proteins may cause apoptosis in a synergistic manner [26], [27], [30].
Activation of these pathways results in increased expression of numerous gene products that may cause apoptosis and play a major role in β-cell dysfunction.
Our observation of increased staining of p75NTR in the hyperglycemia group indicated dysfunction or demyelinization of the affected nerve sheaths and was consistent with a previous report suggesting that excessive NGF may cause apoptosis via p75NTR [30].
Since PP2C is a phosphatase which is distributed ubiquitously in the mammalian organism [24], [25] high amounts of MUFAs may cause apoptosis of every cell provided that the concentration of MUFAs is high enough.
Downregulation of antiapoptotic factors may cause apoptosis; however, the time needs to be considered.
Similar(44)
As a bystander effect, the toxic ganciclovir triphosphate may also reach surrounding cells through gap junctions and phagocytosis [ 12] and may thereby cause apoptosis.
These findings suggested that mutated VCP may also cause apoptosis in mouse muscle expressing the R155H disease mutation.
RAF inactivation also annuls the activity of the MEK-ERK module, which along with the lack of activation of cell cycle proteins and transcription factors, such as retinoblastoma [49], Cdc25 [50] or AP1 [52], [52], may also cause apoptosis of proliferating cells.
Our data suggest that low levels of LALBA may not cause apoptosis in the in vivo epithelium.
It seems that DCA-driven metabolic changes in MM cell lines exhibiting the Warburg effect may not cause apoptosis unless they occurring in the context of robust ROS formation.
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