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This is an attractive hypothesis for sarDinG function as, intuitively, it seems preferable to degrade RNA, which can be replaced easily, rather than DNA, which may be required for replication restart or other DNA repair pathways.
Additionally, conserved secondary structures are predicted among Helitrons from Lepidoptera and Diptera, which form two inverted repeats [a 5′-inverted repeat (5′-IR), and base pairing between subterminal inverted repeats (SIRs)] that may be required for replication, mobilization, or integration [ 4, 13, 18].
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These results provide some evidence that the cyst is the infectious agent that transmits the infection and also may be required for efficient replication in the mammalian hosts.
It does not hinder the transport of other cargo that may be required for viral replication.
A higher ATP production rate may be required for the replication or the transcription of additional genes as well as for their translation and the possible degradation of unwanted proteins.
If the phage-encoded GcrA homolog possesses the same functionality as its C. crescentus counterpart, the expression of phiCbK gp222 in the infected swarmer cell may function to up-regulate expression of the C. crescentus DNA replication apparatus, components of which may be required for the successful replication of the phiCbK chromosome.
For example, Tobacco mosaic virus CP TMV CPP) is required for systemic movement to distant plant tissues [ 12] and is found in viral replication complexes, suggesting that TMV CP may be required for efficient virus replication [ 13],[ 14].
Our results suggest that RNF39 common genetic variants associate with HIV-1 plasma viral loads and may be required for HIV-1 replication.
It is thus possible that SIVsmm tropism for X4+ T cells may select for nef alleles that lack the CD3 modulation function because TCR-CD3 stimulation of this largely resting T cell subset by APCs may be required for effective viral replication (schematically outlined in Figure S6).
Although the exact role of ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of nonstructural viral proteins of EMCV and HAV in infected cells remains elusive, such rapid turnover may be required for efficient viral RNA replication, viral protein synthesis and virus maturation.
Even if the mtDNA replicates by a recombination-dependent mechanism as suggested by some [ 23, 33, 34], DNA priming may be required for lagging-strand DNA replication.
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