Sentence examples for may affect hosts from inspiring English sources

We suggested that the delicate balance between TNF's pro-survival and apoptotic effects may affect hosts' conditions after influenza virus infection.

For example, pathogens may affect hosts differentially (e.g., Johnson et al. 2012), cause different outcomes under different environmental conditions (e.g., Mitchell et al. 2005), and evolve increased or decreased virulence over time (e.g., Boots et al. 2004).

With changes in habitat, floristic composition, and competition that are likely to result from anthropogenic changes in climate (Buermann et al. 2011), we suggest adding how haemosporidia prevalence and diversity may affect hosts as a factor in conservation of these high-altitude species.

Immune modulation by HCV core may affect host ability to mount long-lasting cellular and antibody response and should be dealt with in designing core-based HCV vaccines.

These factors are difficult to determine and may affect host habitat perception at each study site.

In addition to compounds that directly inhibit viral targets, there is a growing interest in compounds that may affect host cell functions required for efficient virus replication [34].

For instance, host population increase may lead to an increase in intraspecific competition for food resources (due to the reduction of per capita food availability) that may affect host traits such as body size, body weight, growth rate, and reproductive ability and in turn affect the pathogen virulence and epidemiology [14].

To test if ovarian steroids may affect host-pathogen interactions, endometrial cells were grown in control culture medium, or in medium containing progesterone at luteal phase concentrations or estradiol at ovarian follicular phase concentrations, for 48 h before measuring bacterial adhesion.

While these metabolic activities may affect host health [ 55- 57], they are also necessary for nonvirulent processes.

Mutations can likewise prevent protein expression and particle formation, yet these elements may affect host cell functions [ 51].

In Anaplasma phagocytophilum [ 66], one of these proteins is secreted into the host cell where it binds host chromatin and may affect host gene expression.