In collapsed colonies, the presence or absence of IIV in remnant young bee populations is likely dependent upon the extent of infection in the colony and unknown pathophysiological factors that may affect persistence, colonization, and replication of the virus.
Given these data, it is tempting to suggest that perturbation of the GI community, due to antibiotic administration or viral infection early in life, may affect microbial colonization patterns and permit outgrowth of specific resistant members of the community that influence immune development.
It is known that antibiotic treatment may affect the colonization with gram-negative bacteria.
Aside from interpersonal variation, there are several potential factors that may affect the colonization or survival of bacteria in biliary tract of gallstone patients.
A gene located in this deletion encodes a putative type IV pilin, which may affect the colonization and virulence potential of these strains.
Intravaginal practices may affect the colonization of vaginal flora and lead to vaginal infections due to the potential effects on the vaginal environment.
Also, we did not adjusted for current use of prophylactic antibiotics used by oncologic patients (mainly, trimethropim-sulfamethozaxole), which may have affected colonization.
The saliva protein flow may be very important for C. albicans initial colonization, where the indigenous microorganisms do not affect colonization in the oral cavity.
In our previous study, probiotics appeared not to affect colonization (6 ).
