The reported axial and hoop strains represent the maximum values corresponding to F u. Axial and hoop strains are calculated using axial and circumferential displacements at mid height of the column, obtained from the L1 and L2 readings, divided by the relevant gage lengths.
(1) X i = X min + x i + 1 / 2. X max - X min i = 1, 2,...., n Where X i is the uncoded value of the independent variable i, X min and X max are the uncoded minimum and maximum values (corresponding to -1 and +1 coded values), and x i is the code value to be translated.
Foot-strikes were determined for each limb after the vertical displacement of the MTP marker crossed a predefined threshold (15 mm) and the limb length reached a maximum value (corresponding to the beginning of the loading phase).
Spatially tailored constant strengths were obtained, ranging between 148 MPa and 470 MPa; the maximum value corresponding to a 'shallow' region with a relatively thicker AMZ compressive layer embedded close to the tensile ATZ surface.
For the range of 0 45% for the level of fly ash replacement, the rebound value, the ultrasonic velocity, the elastic modulus and the compressive strength all reached their maximum value corresponding to the fly ash replacement level of 15%.
The results indicated that viscoelastic functions (G′, G″ and G∗), viscosity and the percent recovery at high temperatures of modified asphalt present the maximum value, corresponding to sample with 18 wt% VA, as the increase of VA in EVA.
It was shown by the numerical calculations that the increase of the dilution rate in without recycle ecosystems leads to increase of the net primary production up to the maximum value corresponding to the two-link trophic chain (biogenic substance and producer) and then, to gradually decrease.
This is because the ε J value increases with the absolute value of this parameter, with a maximum value corresponding to the same moneyness.
Due to the use of the NB relationship between MOS and for deriving the values, the maximum value corresponding to (the maximum value assumed by the E-model) is still 100.
The data processing software automatically subtracts 2π from these values to shift them inside the "allowed" phase range so that the adjusted phase values become close to Ψ max − 2π, i.e. the respective elevation values are shifted to the maximum value corresponding to the first 2π "wrap", Δ2π.
Specifically, if the maximum CHAR values corresponding to a detected peak had a >5%% chance of coming from the same Poisson-distributed population as the minimum charcoal count of the antecedent 25-years period, then we rejected the peak (Higuera et al. 2010).
