The design method for these systems, as it is proposed by ASHRAE, is taking into account the maximum thermal and cooling loads of the building, the thermophysical properties of the soil at the area of installation and a minimum Coefficient of Performance (COP) of the heat pumps.
The optimum parameters for fishpond were 30 m length, 16 m breadth, 1.25 m depth, 1.0 m water depth, 75° lining inclination, and 8 air changes per hour for maximum temperature gain, maximum thermal efficiency and minimum thermal load leveling.
One EPS box type is a new improved version designed by utilising numerical heat transfer modelling for minimising the maximum product temperature during thermal load.
High-speed impact tests were conducted on virgin specimens, thermally exposed specimens, and thermally shocked specimens, in which the maximum temperature during thermal loading was 600 °C or 1000 °C.
Using a total of 110 g of refrigerant, the device produces a maximum temperature span under no thermal load of 29 °C, and 10 °C under 50 W.
Using a total of 180 g of Gd as magnetocaloric refrigerant in a magnetic field of 1 T, the device achieved a maximum temperature span under no thermal load of 3.5 K, rendering a cooling power of about 3 W under a span approaching 0 K.
Additionally, the reduced efficiency in using a boost converter changes the electrical and thermal load matching conditions for maximum power.
For handling the CHP/STC/DH plant, two methods are considered along with thermal load following operation strategy: maximum power generation (MPG) and minimum fuel consumption (MFC).
The maximum device output power and maximum thermal efficiency occur at different values of external load parameter.
