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The study found average noise levels of 52.6 dBA at night and 53.9 dBA during the day at the nursing station, with a maximum sound peak of 90.6 dBA.
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The World Health Organization (WHO) noise guidelines state noise should not exceed 35 dB during the day with maximum sound level peaks below 40 dB at night in a hospital to ensure a good sleep [8] although the clinical benefit of this approach, or even of a more moderate degree of noise reduction, remains largely untested and without a proven method to reduce noise exposure.
The PCA showed a positive correlation between the sensory parameters hardness and sound intensity of crunchiness and the instrumental parameters force area, mean force, maximum force, and negative correlations between the number of sound peaks, mean sound peak, number of force peaks and crunchiness.
The composite A-weighted equivalent sound levels and maximum sound levels were captured.
For each experimental condition, average sound pressure levels and maximum sound pressure levels were measured.
The maximum sound pressure level is around 139 dB.
The window function w(t) is chosen as a crossfade between direct sound and late reverberation that ensures that the direct sound peaks are weighted with 1 and fades to zero until 40 ms after the direct sound peak.
The maximum sound pressure at the birds' ears was 60 dB SPL measured by a sound calibrator (LEA S.S.T.4S).
For each click, the time of maximum sound pressure on each hydrophone was identified, and the energy density of the signal was measured using a window of 30 µs before and 90 µs after the peak of the signal envelope.
The maximum sound intensity tested for each frequency was a 100 dB sound pressure level (SPL).
"SP measured" corresponds to the maximum sound pressure recorded in the field.
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