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The tensor parameters are σ 1 =42/343, σ 2= 21/094 and σ 3= 41/204 with a WNW-ESE direction of maximum shortening and a stress regime value of 1.91 (Oblique radial compressive) (Fig. 9c).

The second mode of faulting, termed plastic (P) or non-frictional faulting, develops under higher degrees of confinement and is characterized by macroscopic faults, comprising a fine band of recrystallized grains, oriented ∼ 45° to the direction of maximum shortening; and by pressure and grain-size-independent strength and localized heat production.

The first tensor was calculated from 100 Joints giving a Strike-slip extensional regime with parameters σ 1 =73/023, σ 2 = 07/136 and σ 3= 16/228 with a NW-SE direction of maximum shortening and a stress regime value of 1.00 (Fig. 7b).

One mode, termed Coulombic (C) or frictional faulting, develops under lower degrees of confinement and is characterized by macroscopic faults, comprising a narrow band of microcracks, oriented ∼30° from the direction of maximum shortening; and by pressure hardening, grain-size-dependent strength, localized heat production and the creation of fault gouge.

The first tensor was calculated from two hundred and nine (209) Joints giving a Strike-slip extensional regime with parameters σ 1 =78/295, σ 2 = 09/152 and σ 3= 07/061 with an SSE-NNW direction of maximum shortening and a stress regime value of 0.99 (Fig. 7a).

The first tensor was calculated from 46 Joints belonging to the JT fracture system, giving a Strike-slip extensional regime with parameters σ 1 =12/150, σ 2 = 12/150 and σ 3 = 00/060 with an NNW-SSE direction of maximum shortening and a stress regime value of 1.00 (Fig. 6a).

The form of this relationship is qualitatively similar to that in striated muscle; however, the smooth muscle force-velocity relationship differs from that of striated muscle in having a slower maximum shortening velocity and a greater force per cross-sectional area of muscle.

Paleostress analysis carried out on these fracture systems using the TENSOR™ software tool yielded three paleostress tensors corresponding to transtensional stress tensor with ENE-WSW direction of maximum extension (SHMIN), oblique compressive (transpressional) tensor with NW-SE direction of maximum shortening (SHMAX), and transtensional tensor with WNW-ESE direction of maximum extension (SHMIN).

Different to cycle 1, the triggered seismic cycle interval in the case of cycle 2 varies gradually (Fig. 8b), and the maximum shortening of the cycle is only 8%%, with a trigger timing of 86 %.

For example, two muscles in the limbs of mice have maximum shortening speeds (at 37 °C) of 24 and 13 lengths per second.

The first tensor gave the following parameters: σ 1 = 33/072, σ 2 = 21/176 and σ 3 =21/176 and a stress regime index of 2.30 and a NNE-SSW direction of maximum shortening representing an oblique radial compressive regime (Fig. 9b).