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They will also change the location and magnitude of the maximum shear in and rotation of the coupling beams.
As for tensile reinforcement, four #6 bars were used to create an over-reinforced design as shown in Fig. 8, to insure the beam will reach maximum shear in the neutral axis.
Several conclusions were obtained: (a) Identification of the proportions of different layer thickness for optimal damping, (b) Definition of areas in the plate promoting maximum shear in the viscoelastic layer, (c) Existence of a relationship between loss factor and deformation mode.
Some localized zones of maximum shear in the posterior zone of the annulus fibrosus are detected, with a noticeable tensional discontinuity between the annulus and the nucleus, as corresponds to materials with very different rigidities.
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The finite element analysis of soil nail wall was carried to study the behavior of maximum horizontal wall displacement, maximum horizontal nail displacement, base heave, maximum axial force in nail, maximum shear force in nail, maximum bending moment in nail under both static and seismic conditions using PLAXIS 2D.
These parameters were maximum shear strength (in MPa), apparent shear stiffness (in MPa/mm) and total energy absorption (in J/m).
Figure 4 shows that for a 1.5/1.5 mM solution of CTAB/NaSal in brine the maximum shear viscosity in this range is 2.25 mPa s.
Under the same external load, the maximum shear stress in the interphase is much smaller in the latter than that in the former.
As shown in Fig. 4b, the maximum shear stress in the subsurface under the diamond tool can reach as high as 9 GPa, which is very close to the theoretical shear stress of c-Si (9.23 GPa) [34], and the maximum shear stress direction is the same as the SSD direction in Fig. 2.
Note the increase of membrane stiffness (decreases in time required to reach the maximum shear force) in response to PTZ treatment.
Compared to the cases of CFRP strips perpendicular to the shear plane, additional percentage increases of the maximum shear resistance in a range of 8 23% were obtained in the cases using CFRP strips with optimal inclination angles.
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