Seven above-water (e.g., tree height, diameter at breast height, and leaf area) and 10 below-water (e.g., root density, root complexity, and maximum root order) architectural features were measured in eight mangrove stands.
Satisfactory agreement was obtained between models and experiments; maximum root mean square (RMS) deviations of models used in the VLE, density and viscosity predictions were 1.1% (VLE EoS), 0.2% (Redlich Kister) and 3.0% (Grunberg Nissan), respectively.
The importance of fine-root density in determining the magnitude of root bundle tensile strength is shown in Fig. 5 in comparison to the results of Fig. 2b, where the maximum root reinforcement for a tree with 0.3 m DBH is expected at about 1.9 m, exactly at the distance where the maximum intensity of fine-root density is reached.
Root distribution and root density were closely correlated with θs.
Descriptors of root development generally include maximum root length (MRL), which determines the baseline for access to nutrient and water resources, and root number (RN), root thickness (RTHK), and root length density, which determine the intensity of colonization of the soil profile and the ability to exploit soil resources within the baseline.
Lateral root number per nodal root (lateral root density) was counted manually from the scanned image.
We extracted information from 24 published papers on QTLs controlling 29 root parameters including root number, maximum root length, root thickness, root/shoot ratio, and root penetration index.
Higher root density or lower root density both impede crabs constructing complex burrows, while intermediate root density contributes to the development of higher borrow complexity.
