Based on the two relations, maximum particle packing density of CA pastes was calculated and the relation between yield stress and viscosity was established to study the rheology of grouting CA pastes.
The key factor in producing UHPC is to improve the micro and macro properties of its mixture ingredients to ensure mechanical homogeneity, maximum particle packing density and minimum size of flaws (Schmidt et al. 2005; Vernet 2004; Shah and Weiss 1998; Wille et al. 2011; Shi et al. 2015).
If the family of size distributions obeys the continuity equation their envelope is the location of the maximum particle flux density in size space, while for the corresponding cumulative size distribution the envelope is the location of maximum size that a particle or grain can take during the passage through its growth path.
An aggregate grading that yields maximum solid density and maximum particle interlock is highly desirable for both bound mixtures, such as asphalt concrete and plain and reinforced concrete, and for unbound mixtures such as those used in base courses.
Thus, although the loadings differ by a maximum factor of three, the apparent particle density on the support surface remains only weakly influenced.
In control experiments without the primary antibody and sections processed for GABA post immunogold labeling almost no or only low background labeling was detected, whereas labeling of GABAergic structures clearly exceeded the mean gold particle density of the maximum background staining (by at least 4 standard deviations).
The engineering assessment included particle size distribution, particle density, water absorption, minimum and maximum dry densities with a vibrating table, California Bearing Ratio (CBR) and Los Angeles (LA) abrasion tests.
Regarding the model, to take into account the maximum packing density, Liu proposed a model to estimate the theoretically maximum particle volume fractions ( ϕ max ) that are allowable for a given suspension at which the concrete viscosity approaches infinity.
