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The strain up to the maximum load at low temperature was larger than that at higher temperature.
Six columns were left as reference columns and 14 were heated and cooled down under 30% of maximum load at ambient temperature.
Further, 15 existing concrete and masonry bond strength (maximum load at the FRP-to-substrate interface) models in the literature were assessed for their use with masonry by comparing these models against the results in the pull test database.
Mean maximum load at failure (360.5 ± 68 N v 341.6 ± 58 N, P =.2) and stiffness (63.6 ± 16 N/mm2 v 66.4 ± 14 N/mm2, P =.89) was similar between constructs fixed with a large buttress thread small-taper screw and small buttress thread large-taper screw, respectively.
The same trend was observed in the specimens tested at 80 °C, where the maximum load decrease a 26%% regarding the maximum load at room temperature.
Open image in new window Fig. 13 Load-lateral strain relation up to maximum load at middle steel strip for strengthened columns with angles and strips Open image in new window Fig. 14 Load-lateral strain relation up to maximum load at middle stirrup for strengthened columns with angles and strips.
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From the maximum loads at the start of decohesion the green shear strengths were calculated.
Five hundred composite pads with nominal diameter 250 mm and thickness 40 mm are used as bearing elements in a redesigned ball-joint, maximum loaded at 150 MPa under normal working conditions.
When considering these maximum loads at failure and the number of cycles carried out, the ContourLock plate performed best with 2.2 kN and 173000 cycles and the PEEKPower plate worst with 1.4 kN and 73000 cycles.
From incremental tests power output, oxygen uptake (V o2) was determined at maximum load and at the aerobic threshold (respiratory compensation point; RCP) (19).
System resistance is evaluated in terms of maximum load carried at ultimate capacity.
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