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mutation rate by exposure to antibiotic (10^{-6}~mbox{mut} times mbox{gen}) σ Conjugation rate of bacteria (10^{-5}~mbox{day}^{-1}) (E_{max}) Maximum killing rate of antibiotic (26.4~mbox{day}^{-1}) (E_{50}) Antibiotic concentration for half max.
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In previous work, we identified antibiotic properties most influential in determining treatment outcome, including four PK parameters (vascular permeability, plasma clearance rate constant, cellular uptake ratio and drug metabolism rate) and three PD parameters (maximum killing activity, steepness of the dose response killing curve (Hill constant), and C50 for intracellular bacteria) [ 20].
From the DEBtox fits, a set of single parameters for each physiological (e.g. growth rate, maximum reproduction rate), aging related (e.g. damage killing rate, damage amplification) and toxicological (elimination rate, killing rate) parameters were estimated for each of the tested chemicals (Table 1).
In the body of the table, we present two probabilities corresponding to the two extreme values of the drug-induced killing rate, see inequality (7) of Text S1: the 1st value in each cell corresponds to taking the maximum of the killing rates and the 2nd one corresponds to taking the sum of the killing rates.
Therefore, it may be concluded that the killing rate is dependent on the treating times.
The instantaneous pest killing rate of an insecticide application is also estimated from the models.
Conversely, given killing rates on the boundary, we construct the corresponding duality preserving extensions of the minimal processes that admit no jumps between the boundary points and have the prescribed killing rate at the boundary, by repeatedly doing one-point extension one at a time using Itô's Poisson point processes of excursions.
With this method, any undetected illegal killing of a radiocollared wolf would contribute to the estimated total mortality rate but not to the estimated human killing rate.
On the other extreme we have a sum of the two killing rates, which means that all drugs contribute proportionally to the killing rate.
Why could 3D culture exhibit a higher killing rate?
Antibiotic killing is implemented by subtracting the killing rate (calculated from the E max model) from the growth rate for each Mtb population.
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