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The optimum concentrations of these surfactants and alkali formulations were determined based on the lowest value of IFT and correlated with the maximum foaming ability obtained for these formulations from the foam stability tests.
SDS concentration was chosen as 0.7 wt% since this concentration displayed the maximum foaming ability both in the absence and presence of crude oil.
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Table 9 The criteria used in numerical optimization Response Target Range Low High pH In range 7 12 Viscosity Maximum 7 7,483 Power of removal Maximum 0.23 0.48 Foaming ability Maximum 316 1,097 Table 10 The optimised formulation of car shampoo Component Percentage SMS 1.48 SLES 3.52 Betaine 4.00 LABS 1.50 CDE 4.50 Total of mixture 15.00.
Open image in new window Figure 5 Plot of foaming ability residual versus predicted values.
The betaine and LABS will influence the foaming ability of the car shampoo formulation.
In Fig. 2, the foaming ability coefficients of different surfactants at different concentrations are presented.
Open image in new window Figure 6 Three-dimensional surface plot of foaming ability data.
Figure 6 presents the three-dimensional response surface plot of foaming ability.
The foam flooding formula was optimized by good performance of foaming ability, stability and FCI.
The effects of crude oil, alkali, and brine on foaming ability have also been investigated in this study.
Physical properties of the car shampoo such as pH, foaming ability and power of removal were studied.
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