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These two phenomena occur when the grid spacing of the cubic lattice model is equal to the maximum flame radius of an isolated droplet immersed in the same air conditions as the local spray state.
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Open image in new window Figure 4 Evaluated flame radius of the 100 consecutive engine cycles.
For example, at a flame radius of 0.5 times the wall radius, the flame speed calculated neglecting confinement effects can be low by ∼15% (even with constant pressure).
The maximum flame temperature was measured by a compensated thermocouple on the flame tip.
Unknown flame radius history limits the original acoustic approximation model's application.
Capacity to operate with a minimum amount of excess air (maximum flame temperature).
But further augmentation in the sweep flow rates reduces the maximum flame temperature obtained.
Capacity to operate with a minimum amount of excess air (maximum flame temperature) .
After this time (ηd,∗), the flame radius decreases with time.
The maximum flame temperature, however, remains constant.
The presence of the fuel deposits, as squeezed film or impinged droplets, had direct effect on the flame radius evolution in terms of kernel cyclic variability and flame stability [25, 34]. Figure 4 reports the trend of the flame radius for gasoline and BU40 evaluated on 100 consecutive cycles.
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