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Investigation of the effects of the relative thickness of the layers and of the number of layers revealed that the maximum crack shielding and the maximum apparent fracture toughness were achieved in three-layer composites with the thickness of the compression layer constituting one-half of the specimen height with an edge crack extending to the first interface.
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The crack shielding effect is also present in the piezoelectric materials.
Results show that the SIFs increase gradually with the increase of the normalized distance between the parallel cracks, which is the cracks shielding effect.
b Maximum crack widths.
Multiple crack initiation at pits occurred in almost all tests, resulting in irregular growth as either crack shielding or crack coalescence occurred.
Eight maximum crack opening displacement levels were tested in total.
We show that the protein layer can effectively enhance the toughness of biocomposites through crack shielding and impact protection.
Maximum crack opening displacement at the crack-tip for which the cohesive stress becomes equals to zero.
For the residual maximum crack width, the shear crack width is not smaller than the flexural crack width in this experiment.
Frosch (1999) also pointed out that the average crack spacing and maximum crack spacing are 1.5 and 2 times the minimum crack spacing, respectively.
The represented shear crack widths for a given beam were the maximum crack widths recorded along the most dominating shear crack in a beam during the test.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com