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The fracture toughness (G IC ) is defined as the maximum crack extension resistance (G m ) [23].
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The goal of this study is to determine the maximum crack length L for which interface crack extension is inhibited, or more specifically, for which the singular interface normal stresses are compressive.
The modified maximum hoop stress criterion is used to predict the crack extension angle of the examined material.
It was shown that the maximum load in wide plates occurred after a large amount of crack extension, which confirms that tough ductile X-70 pipeline steel has considerable strength even when containing cracks.
b Maximum crack widths.
Fig. 5 Typical R-curves (crack extension resistance versus crack length).
an effective crack consists of an equivalent-elastic stress-free crack and equivalent-elastic fictitious crack extension.
Crack growth resistance is given in the form of the dissipation rate versus crack extension.
A routine was developed for automatic crack extension and remeshing, enabling simulation of incremental crack propagation.
Using these data, values of crack tip opening displacement and crack extension were estimated.
The fatigue crack growth process involves damage accumulation and crack extension.
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