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Flame development along a straight vortex was studied experimentally to elucidate the effects of the maximum circumferential velocity and the density ratio of the flame.
The axial propagation velocity at steady state was roughly proportional to the maximum circumferential velocity and to the density ratio minus unity.
The axial propagation velocity in the initial stage increased with the square root of the half-axial length of the flame as well as with the maximum circumferential velocity and the density ratio minus unity.
The velocity field measured by particle image velocimetry (PIV) showed that the vortex tube had a mean maximum circumferential velocity ranging from 18.0 to 35.8 m/s and had a mean core diameter ranging from 5 to 6 mm.
Similar(56)
Furthermore, with an increase of the swirl number, the radial position where the circumferential velocity takes its maximum shifts outward.
The circumferential velocity U θ was calculated assuming a constant volume.
The statistics of possible crack propagation angles are calculated by the maximum circumferential stress criterion.
Erdogan and Sih [5] proposed the maximum circumferential tensile stress criterion in 1963.
If (varphi = varphi_{0}) or (varphi = uppi), the circumferential velocity U θ was assumed to be zero.
Cores were taken >90° apart, where practical, in order to achieve maximum circumferential coverage of each tree.
The radial velocity U R in the boundary A1G1 and the circumferential velocity U θ along the symmetric line were zero (Kwan 2002).
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