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Maximum centralization is required for the methodological and practical guidance of expert activities.
From results in Table 5 a notable divergence between both metrics is seen: the inequality values of ({rm CiU ^{rm{rt}}}) and ({rm PP ^{rm{rt}}}) are similar ((G_mathrm{in}=0.893) and (G_mathrm{in}=0.876), respectively), but the centralization of ({rm PP ^{rm{rt}}}) ((C_mathrm{in}=0.378)) is far from the maximum centralization value exhibited by ({rm CiU ^{rm{rt}}}) ((C_mathrm{in}=0.770)).
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The maximum value for centralization of a network is 1.
Beginning in 1862, Bismarck unified Germany, but he explicitly rejected the idea of a "Großdeutschland," or "Greater Germany," incorporating Austria, in favor of a "kleindeutsche Lösung," or "Little German Solution," that preferred centralization over maximum territorial expansion.
Network centralization is the sum of the maximum local point degree centrality minus the local point centrality for each vector divided by the maximum possible value for local point centrality [ 28].
Betweenness centralization is the variation in the betweenness centrality of vertices divided by the maximum variation in betweenness centrality possible in a network of the same size.
The wiki network is found to be non-central (i.e. degree centralization is 0.1457 and betweenness centralization is 0.060).
Therefore, in-degree centralization is approximately equal to the ratio between the maximum in-degree and the number of nodes for social networks with a heavy-tailed in-degree distribution.
The results in Table 5 confirm that the in-degree centralization formulated in [22] is almost equal to the ratio between the maximum in-degree and the number of nodes.
Degree centralization of a network is the variation in the degrees of vertices divided by the maximum degree variation which is possible in a network of the same size.
Centralization was now the problem.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com