Sentence examples for maximum age constraints from inspiring English sources

In addition, we test the sensitivity of magnoliid divergence times to the choice of relaxed clock model and various maximum age constraints for the angiosperms.

Applying different maximum age constraints to the crown node of angiosperms highlighted the sensitivity of inferred ages estimated for the deepest nodes of Magnoliidae.

Maximum age constraints were also placed at the most recent common ancestor of core Eudicots (124 mya; [ 71, 73, 74]), and Eudicots and Monocots (130 mya; [ 71]).

As in previous work [ 5] we used the recommendations of Benton and Donoghue [ 35] for the minimum and maximum age constraints of the mouse-rat divergence.

Differences between the r8s and BEAST estimates may due to the relaxed clock method used to infer dates and the prior distributions for the divergence time of calibration points in BEAST versus the minimum and maximum age constraints in r8s.

Instead of fixing the root of the tree to an arbitrary age, they used minimum and maximum age constraints on a terminal node based on the rising of the Panama isthmus 3.1-2.8 3.1-2.8

The upper (maximum) age constraint of 120 Ma for the calibrations above corresponds to the oldest known monocot fossils [ 52].

Additionally, calibrations based on vicariance events, in contrast to fossils, also provide a maximum age constraint [ 78].

Additional, a maximum age constraint for the phyllostomids (3) was set with an exponential distribution to 34 MYA with an arbitrarily lower limit of 11.5 MYA.

The first appearance of the tricolpate grains during this time has often been interpreted as signaling the origin of the group and, therefore, has been used as a maximum age constraint (i.e., [ 66, 67, 81- 84]).

Although previous studies have recognized a long gap in the fossil record of the angiosperm stem lineage [ 13, 21, 37], there is no indisputable argument in favor of one particular maximum age constraint for the crown node of angiosperms.