Highly interactive systems are ill-conditioned and highly sensitive to model uncertainty, which imposes limitations to achievable closed-loop performance.
A basic question in systems and control theory concerns the characterization of the set of all achievable closed-loop systems for a given plant system and a controller system to be designed.
Y is produced as a carrier-free radionuclide from the parent radioisotope Sr with a theoretically maximum achievable specific activity close to 1,295 MBq/μg (35 mCi/μg).
The convex optimization and the ellipsoid algorithm are applied to design linear controllers and, at the same time, determine the best achievable performance of the closed-loop system.
We calculate the achievable mutual information for closed-loop transmission as (7).
The closed-loop adapts the maximum conductance of the inhibition to achieve a regularized rhythm departing from an otherwise highly irregular spiking bursting activity.
The maximum closed loop length of 33 residues was chosen so as not to detect entire domains that might poke through a large closed loop.
The E-8 group estimated the muzzle velocity of the gun at around, close to the maximum achievable in 1944, and calculated that the pressure in the barrel would be up to 75000 psi.
In Figure 3A, we show that cloneHD successfully reconstructed the clonal copy-number states and somatic SNV genotypes from the simulated data, obtaining fidelities close to the maximum achievable given the noise level.
The main function loop iterates at the maximum achievable speed while executing the main instruction chain.
