Results show that moisture absorption, salt in seawater, diameter of specimen and residual stresses produced by manufacturing process of the composite pipe have significant effect on maximum contact force, maximum deflection, absorbed energy and failure of composite pipes according to exposure time to seawater.
Several impact angles and impact energies are selected to study their influence on the maximum contact force, maximum contact time, absorbed energy, maximum displacement of the impactor, and damaged area.
The summation of the initiation E i and propagation E p energies yields the maximum (total) absorbed energy E T reported in Table 3.
In this study, quadratic response surface models (RSMs) based on a full factorial statistical design were developed to predict the maximum permanent deflection, absorbed energy, and maximum force calculated for a given impact event.
Variation of the impact characteristics such as the maximum contact load, maximum deflection, maximum contact time and absorbed energy versus impact energy are investigated.
Variation of the impact characteristics such as maximum contact load, maximum deflection, maximum contact time and absorbed energy versus impact energy are depicted in figures.
This study presents the effects of impact energy, impactor mass and impact velocity on the maximum contact force, maximum deflection, contact time, absorbed energy, and overall damage area of glass/epoxy laminated composites, experimentally and numerically.
On the other hand, experimental data indicate that for the same impact velocity, the maximum impact force and absorbed energy decrease with temperature at span of −25 °C to 100 °C.
Force-displacement history, maximum force, and displacement and absorbed energy at perforation were recorded.
