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The maximal strain achieved during the compression phase is found to be less influential, however it still significantly affects the shape and size of damage.
Each cycle of deformation involves tension up to the maximal strain εmax (from 0.05 to 0.20) and retraction down to the zero stress.
The cells were plated onto collagen-coated membranes either subjected to cyclic strain (25% maximal strain at 1 Hz) or without strain.
Two main rules for orienting MTs in plants have been proposed; perpendicular to maximal strain directions, and parallel to maximal stress directions [4], [16].
The longitudinal strain rate was determined for the left ventricle as the maximal strain rate value (calculated as the temporal derivative of strain) during the ejection phase.
To obtain an expression based on the experimental data, the values of the stress at maximal strain during each deformation cycle are used.
Similar(46)
Furthermore, our data provide novel measurements of the in vivo strain response of tibial cartilage to various doses of walking as a mechanical stimulus, with maximal strains of 5.0% observed after 60 minutes of walking.
As we focus on the electronic properties of the intact BNNTs at different strains without bond breakage, the maximal strains shown in Figure 2 before significant necking and some bond breakage are 21.5 and 27% for (8,0) and (5,5) BNNTs, respectively; the corresponding maximal stresses are about 0.526 and 0.511 TPa.
Finally, the maximal strains (force/cross-sectional area) of the fast fibers could be slightly higher than those of the slow fibers).
In the current study, we used a sub-maximal strain stimulus of 2250 με so that any additional effect of exercise could be appreciated.
Distributions of maximal principal strain and effective strain in the entire model suggest that the contributions to bone strength of the trabecular and cortical structures are similar.
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