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Culturing murine tracheal segments in the presence of IL-1β has been found to attenuate the maximal contraction produced by ETB receptors and downregulated expressions of the ETB receptor mRNA.
Contraction in response to sodium orthovanadate and to noradrenaline was expressed as the percentage of the maximal contraction produced by potassium (50 mM), whereas the relaxation in response to bradykinin was expressed as the percentage of the active tone achieved with U46619.
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Muscular contraction produces electrical activity, which increases as the contraction grows stronger.
The concentration of Ca2+ required to produce 50% of the maximal contraction was taken as pEC50 (−log EC50).
The pIC50 value is calculated as the concentration of BU or F1 to produce 50% reduction of the maximal contraction induced by PE or KCl.
Visual feedback was provided about the level of force produced, and subjects were encouraged to maintain maximal contraction for 120 s.
Or you can slowly contract the muscles until you reach a maximal contraction and then slowly release them.
In another assessment, maximal contraction force was measured.
We made digital recordings at multiple sites at rest and with moderate and maximal contraction.
MVC remained unchanged (P=.45), and true maximal contraction forces decreased significantly (P=.04) on the nonoperated side.
MVC (P<.001) and true maximal contraction forces (P=.01) increased significantly on the operated side.
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