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Voxel-by-voxel t-tests were applied to detect grey matter differences between the different subject groups (Sorg et al., 2007).
In this study, the relationship of intelligence and WM microstructure was found to differ between the sexes: Intelligence-dependent white matter differences were only observed for men.
These white matter differences may reflect variations in axonal density, diameter, or alignment.
The brain regions with gray matter differences are color-coded in red (TTH > migraine), blue (episodic > chronic) and green (type × frequency interaction).
In the present study, voxel-based morphometry (VBM) was employed to identify gray matter differences related to hearing loss and tinnitus.
Interestingly, normalization to the white matter reduced the grey matter COV in PET, but increased the COV in perfusion CT, indicating that there are individual grey/white matter differences to be considered.
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For instance, the analysis of gray matter difference found some masses in the white matter or cerebrospinal fluid regions [16].
Post hoc comparisons showed only the adipose versus spinal white matter difference to be significant (P < 0.001).
They found mean values of 0.713 · 10−3 mm/s for white matter and 0.743 · 10−3 mm/s for parietal gray matter (difference 0.030 · 10−3 mm/s).
Comparisons indicated no significant differences in depth between the 3L and 3L1I scalp locations when targeting cerebellar gray matter (difference = 0.05 mm; t99 = 0.2, P = 0.81).
To improve the visualization of white matter difference in mean diffusivity maps we also created 'attenuation coefficient maps' [attenuation coefficient = exp −b × mean diffusivity)].
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