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The 2D DOA for coherently distributed sources could be estimated from the enhanced matrix by using 3D matrix pencil method.
Daldorff et al. [53] combined unitary matrix pencil method and a least squares solver to do the direction finding with a single dipole-triad.
Shift-invariant techniques, such as ESPRIT and the matrix pencil method, have high resolution ability, but the associated high complexity makes them less attractive in real-time implementations.
The detection and estimation performance is compared with Akaike information criterion (AIC), minimum description length (MDL) and the matrix pencil method.
Being based on a Vandermonde decomposition of the prediction matrix, the matrix pencil method produces biased estimates when applied directly to data of the constant-Q model.
For noiseless sampled data, we describe the close connections between Prony-like methods, namely the classical Prony method, the matrix pencil method, and the ESPRIT method.
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2D-DOA estimation with L-shaped array has been received considerable attention in the field of array signal processing [5 13], and it contains estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance techniques (ESPRIT) algorithms [5 7], multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm [8], matrix pencil methods [9, 10], propagator methods [11 13], and high-order cumulant method [14].
Based on the measured data at various locations, the Prony spectral analysis method [23], Matrix Pencil [24], estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance techniques (ESPRIT) [25] and HHT [10] were firstly used to determine dynamic trends of the selected generators with results shown in Table 3 and Fig. 6.
The 2D AOA estimator proposed in [15] uses two-parallel ULAs, whereas the method in [16] is based upon matrix enhancement and the matrix pencil algorithm.
Some variants of the invariant subspace method, which preserve the structure of the Hamiltonian matrix (or symplectic matrix pencil) by special orthogonal transformations in the whole computational process, are considered by Mehrmann and his coauthors [12 18].
So far there has been no sources in applying the invariant subspace methods for solving SARE (1a - 1b), since the structures of associated Hamiltonian matrix or symplectic matrix pencil are not available.
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