Acidity can be found both at the surface of matrix particles (for instance, Brønsted acidity at silica-alumina interfaces, or Lewis acidity at Al2O3 surfaces), or in the zeolite.
This is in contrast to models that lump the pullout force at the crack surfaces, which can lead to spurious break-off of matrix particles as the discretization of the matrix is refined.
Figure 2 b displays a collection of Raman spectra of matrix particles encountered during the measurements.
The decease of water absorption with increasing SF is due to the fact that when a material with high specific surface area is added to a mix specimen, it acts as a micro-filler of the matrix particles, which can reduce the amount of water that filled in the voids of the blending materials.
Experimental data obtained in this work and in the literature with Streamline SP, Streamline Phenyl and Streamline quartz base matrix particles in the columns of inner diameters 20 50 mm, were used to verify the model prediction.
The shale gas is stored by either free or adsorption condition: free gas is stored in both the micro-pores in matrix and natural fractures and the adsorption gas is adsorbed on the surface of matrix particles, which will be desorbed into the micro-pores and then flow into the natural fractures.
This suggests that in the absence of matrix, particles adopt the lower energy, isotropic shape.
The in situ formed BN phase was in agglomerate shape located at the pockets of Al2O3 matrix particles and this distribution was suggested to be beneficial to the strength of materials with weak phase dispersoids.
Based on the incremental relation between particles and the matrix, the incremental constitutive relations of composite, matrix, particles and voids have been developed.
With decreasing of matrix particle size and increasing of reinforcement particle size, wear loss also decreased.
