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However, 3D embryonic bone tissue cultures have been used in the past and show a clear decrease in matrix mineralization, in mineralizing cartilage and by osteoblasts, combined with an increased mineral resorption by osteoclasts [ 138].
To test this, we compared the degree of matrix mineralization in femoral neck biopsies taken from cases of intracapsular hip fracture with age- and sex-matched postmortem controls.
N-acetyl cysteine completely prevented devastating suppression of alkaline phosphatase activity and extracellular matrix mineralization in osteoblastic culture on scaffolds with bacterial co-incubation.
This action was related to an enhancement of alkaline phosphatase activity and matrix mineralization in MC3T3-E1 cells, and also in primary human osteoblastic cells.
The present results indicate that 2 4 mM Ca2+ is suitable for proliferation and survival of osteoblasts, whereas slightly higher concentrations (6 8 mM) favor osteoblast differentiation and matrix mineralization in both 2- and 3-dimensional cultures.
Differentiation and matrix mineralization in vitro involve a considerable expression of genes as well as protein production, leading to the mineralization.
Similar(41)
In distal femoral metaphyseal cancellous bone, there was a clear tendency towards a dose-dependent increase in matrix mineralization, as in the spine.
Neovascularization promotes infiltration of mesenchymal cells and alters matrix mineralization, particularly in the area of the ossification front.
While such observations on oim matrix mineralization are in agreement with the literature [17,19,21,26], this is the first time that the bone matrix elasticity, plasticity and mineralization were examined together at the microscopic scale.
The normal or slight increase in the serum AKP level in our patients may reflect small amounts of neoplastic bone pathologically, and seldom visible matrix mineralization radiographically, in TOS.
Type-I collagen (the major protein of the osteoid matrix) as well osteocalcin and osteopontin (proteins involved in matrix mineralization) are also produced in higher quantity (Gevers & Dequeker 1987, Hilal et al. 1998, Sanchez et al. 2008).
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