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Processing of hard, refractory ceramic coatings in a metal matrix is challenging due to various factors including delamination or cracking due to large material property differences at the interphase, and non-uniform distribution due to improper mixing.
An exact analysis of the transition matrix is challenging; however, by exploiting the average behavior of several key structures, we can determine the relationship between the minimum number of observations for this compressed sensing problem and the size of the logical graph.
The hydrometallurgical processes produce acidic leachates during the recovery of PMs from waste sources, while the selective recovery of Au, Pd, or Pt from such a matrix is challenging either due to the chemical similarities of elements or complexities in the sources and matrices.
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However, the detection of engineered nanoparticles in environmental matrices is challenging because of the low predicted environmental concentrations which may be in the ng/L range.
For composite systems with non-polar polymer matrices, to dramatically improve the interactions between nanofibers and non-polar polymer matrices is challenging due to limited and weak van der Waals forces.
Due to their unique properties and the fact that their detection and characterisation in complex matrices is challenging, existing analytical methods and test approaches for assessing environmental risk may not be appropriate for ENPs.
Quantitative analysis of PFOS from selected matrices is challenging and has been conducted using various extraction techniques and instrumentation methods (Ellefson and Reagen 2005; Martin et al. 2004).
The upper surface of the matrix was challenged with 1.5 × 10 cells, a number derived from empirical experimentation.
The prediction of the protein residue-residue contact matrix of the interfacial regions is challenging.
Identification of infectious bacteria responsible for biofilm-associated infections is challenging due to the complex and heterogeneous biofilm matrix.
Along the way, however, its fundamental rules (such as being a square matrix) have been challenged.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com