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This study provides further insight into the molecular mechanisms involved in mesangial matrix expansion in IgAN.
Furthermore, treatment with anti TGFβ antibody has been shown to reduce or prevent hypertrophy and extracellular matrix expansion in both strptozotocin-induced diabetic mice [61], and db/db mice [62].
Eight weeks after STZ injection, the diabetic rats demonstrated mesangial matrix expansion in glomeruli compared with normal control rats.
We investigated whether hypertension and diabetes mellitus act synergistically to induce macrophage infiltration and matrix expansion in the kidney.
In addition, Dickkopf-1 (DKK1), a WNT signalling antagonist, was shown to promote hyperglycaemia-induced mesangial matrix expansion in rat mesangial cells [ 5].
As shown in Figures 1(c) and 1(d), MMF treatment improved mesangial matrix expansion in the db/db mouse kidney.
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The mesangial expansion index from 30 glomeruli of each rat was graded in four levels from 0 to 3 [ 22]: 0, normal glomerulus; 1, matrix expansion occurred in up to 50%% of a glomerulus; 2, matrix expansion occurred in 50 %–75 % of a glomerulus; and 3, matrix expansion occurred in 75 %–100 % of a glomerulus, and the means were caculated and compared.
> -wrap-foot> The most common finding in biopsies of our paediatric patients was mild glomerular hypercellularity with mild mesangial matrix expansion observed in 68 and 78%, respectively.
The haplotype association mapping technique used on histological phenotypes in the same inbred strains identified Far2 as being associated with mesangial matrix expansion (MME) in aging mice (Noordmans et al., 2013).
A moderate matrix expansion was detected in SD-STZ rats in the renal cortex (figure 7A) and in glomeruli (figure 7B) as compared to SD.
In this study we demonstrated that AS-IV reduced the urinary albumin excretion, reversed the deterioration of renal function, prevented the mesangial matrix expansion and increase in mean mesangial area in a STZ-induced model of DN.
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