Our results suggest a mechanism by which the presence of collagen I in situations of excessive matrix deposition could induce fibroblast migration through basement membranes through DDR2 activation and subsequent DDR1 and MMP-2 gene expression.
After analyzing the database of NF-κB target genes (NF-κB Transcription Factors Database, Boston University)25 and the aberrant genes in our previous microarray data of CAFs11, 16 of interesting targets, including PAI-1 and MMP9 (Matrix metalloproteinase 9), which could induce cells growth and invasion26,27, were founded (Fig. 6a and Supplementary Table 3).
We reasoned that by including heterogeneous nucleating agents in a sparse matrix crystallization screen we could induce crystallization in a larger number of screen conditions.
Bourguignon et al (2004) found that in breast cancer cells the interaction of CD44 and NHE1 with hyaluronidase-2 in lipid rafts could induce matrix degradation and breast tumour cell invasion.
The objective of this study was to determine whether osteogenic matrix cell sheets (OMCS) could induce bone formation around grafted tendons, thereby enhancing early stage tendon to bone tunnel healing in skeletally mature male Japanese white rabbits.
Non-pretreated silicon wafers were used as the substrates to prepare perpendicular oriented PS cylinders in PMA matrix via solvent annealing which could induce the transformation of spheres to vertically oriented and hexagonally packed cylinders.
In our study, when exposed to interstitial flow, cell proliferation and spreading are increased (data not shown), and therefore more cell-matrix adhesions are required, which could induce α-SMA and SM22 expression to promote stress fiber formation and cell-matrix adhesion formation.
It has been shown that laminin-2 was a major matrix component of the PNS which could induce cell spreading and/or myelination [29].
We hypothesize that TN-C which reappears to attempt repair and remodeling in the OA joint could induce cytokines, inflammatory mediators, and matrix degrading enzymes and result in propagation of inflammation and matrix degradation through TLR4 signaling.
Application of conditioned medium from SC cultures (±NMD, matrix stimuli) to myoblasts revealed that exposure to both the matrix and necrotic stimuli generated a paracrine cocktail that could induce myogenesis in myoblasts 24 hours after exposure.
