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However, this year two three-year-old females laid eggs after mating with older males in the Scottish Borders and Aberdeenshire.
However, the benefits of mating with older males could potentially be mitigated by the deleterious effects of de novo germ-line mutations [16].
If the manipulative ability of accessory gland proteins in older males is less than that in younger males, mating with older males might lead to lower costs to females.
In other species in which offspring of older males have lower fitness [e.g. Drosophila 11], [45], we might expect females to evolve preferences for younger males, or at a minimum, to avoid mating with older males.
Although our results suggest that females should avoid mating with older males, in some species females seem to prefer older males, while in others, females do not distinguish among males based on age [reviewed in 43].
However, according to our results females may not receive genetic benefits from mating with older males, contrary to some predictions from the literature [ 52- 54].
Similar(53)
Or the way that male chimps prefer to mate with older females.
The new form and connector won't mate with older Palm.
Two young females laid eggs this year, at just three years old, having mated with older males in the Scottish Borders and Aberdeenshire.
In addition, empirical studies of several species have found that females do not prefer to mate with older males [see Table 1 in 43], and may in fact pay a fitness cost when mating with those males.
Previous theoretical work has suggested that females should prefer to mate with older males, as older males should have higher fitness than the average fitness of the cohort into which they were born.
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