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The seminal fluid of insects contains sperm and a complex mixture of proteins, inorganic solutes, carbohydrates and lipids that are transferred to females during mating via the spermatophore.
Several reports connect SP to the corpus allatum and JH production (Moshitzky et al., 1996; Bontonou et al., 2015), suggesting that the systemic effects of mating via SP could be carried out through this pathway.
In sum, our results suggest that while sex pheromone differences might be a driving force in assortative mating via assortative meeting, one or several other mechanism(s) may also significantly contribute to assortative mating between closely related species.
Because these genes are involved in adaptation to novel habitats in response to different pathogenic communities and assortative mating via mate choice, their pleiotropic effects are hypothesized to induce and accelerate speciation (Eizaguirre et al. 2009).
In addition, we analysed pairwise comparisons for the effects of population size and coevolution treatment on total mounts via Mann–Whitney U tests (IBM SPSS Statistics, version 19), and on the proportion of assays that resulted in a mating via Chi-square tests (IBM SPSS Statistics, version 19).
The past two decades have seen the development of a variety of molecular techniques to achieve such chromosomal modifications in E. coli K-12, including F' homogenotization, the formation and resolution of ColE1 plasmid cointegrates in a polA1 background, transformation and mating via an Hfr cross, and the use of temperature sensitive plasmids with selection for homologous recombination (2, 3).
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In addition, per might be involved in reproductive isolation in sand flies, via mating rhythms, or via their "lovesongs" [ 2, 27].
Finally, we estimated the relationship between mating success via the speed of pairing and potential signals of personality.
This is further supported by highly similar morphology [ 4] and the mating compatibility between these two species [ 4, 52, 53], although the possibility of mating incompatibility via mechanical isolation (ie, locked in copula) between these two species was also reported [ 4].
We analysed the role of antennae and mouthparts of the males during mating behaviour via video recordings, performed an experiment on the role of antennal contact during courtship, examined courtship success of males with sealed mouthparts, and studied the volatility of a putative pheromone.
WAP-T mice [ 13, 14] develop spontaneous mammary carcinomas upon induction via mating.
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