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Its bisexuality may allow for more rampant sexual recombination in the environment regardless of the dominant mating type present.
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Therefore, our results suggest that asexuality in red yeasts is not ancient, which is consistent with other studies that have shown that in presumed asexual ascomycetes, mating type genes are present and apparently functional [ 45, 46].
By capitalizing on these recent advances, the present study investigates mating type shifts (outcrossed vs. self-fertilized) during the diversification of a well-defined clade of epidendroid orchids of the genus Bulbophyllum Thouars from Madagascar and adjacent islands.
We use the per-species mating type classification of [ 48] as a basis for reconstructing the history of selfing evolution in clade C presented here (Table 1).
Of the single spore isolates from strain V23, 101were confirmed as homokaryons, 35 of which were mating type A1 and 66 mating type A2.
Of the single spore isolates from strain PY, 72 were confirmed as homokaryons, of which 41 were mating type A3 and 31 mating type A4.
‡ –, mating type unknown.
It is of the h + mating type.
*MLST, multilocus sequence typing; MAT, mating type; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid.
Seven geographical isolates of C. reinhardtii were employed in this study; their strain numbers, mating types, origins of isolation, and strain abbreviations are presented in Table 1.
Strains that carry the h allele at the mat1 locus are homothallic, meaning the cells switch mating types during mitotic growth so that both the h+ and h− mating types are present in colonies originally derived from a single cell.
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