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Data provided by Hood and Antonovics (2004) suggested that regions of allelic heterozygosity in linkage to mating type is sufficiently great to comprise the majority of the mating-type chromosome lengths.
For example, white and opaque cells differ markedly in their ability to mate: mating between opaque cells of the opposite mating type is at least 106 times more efficient than mating between white cells [7].
showed that the ratio of conidia of either mating type is genetically controlled in this species.
In heterothallic filamentous ascomycetes mating between cells of opposite mating type is accomplished by cells designated as male and female.
Phylogenetic analysis showed that most amicronucleates belong to the "borealis" clade in which mating type is determined by gene rearrangement.
The only recombination gene that is clearly regulated at the transcriptional level by mating type is RDH54.
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Only matings between individuals of different mating type are allowed.
The Leupold strain 968 (h mating type) corresponds to CBS1042, whereas Leupold strains 972 (h -S mating type) and 975 (h +N mating type) are spontaneously occurring heterothallic derivatives of CBS1042 (Munz et al. 1989).
Only one stable haploid derivative (4124-S60) was isolated, while 14 other segregants with a stable mating type were aneuploid.
Finally the engineered haploids with opposite mating type were mated back to diploid strains, obtaining a heterozygous deletion strain (CAR1/car1) and a homozygous defect strain (car1/car1).
A significant bias towards the self-fertile mating type was observed in all single ascospore masses taken from sexual structures produced in haploid-selfed cultures.
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