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In order to mimic populations of individuals likely to be encountered in testing for association in natural populations, the coalescent model was used to generate random, diploid samples drawn from a large, random mating population of constant size.
Positive Tajima's D value indicates a deficit of low frequency alleles relative to neutral expectations in a randomly mating population of constant size.
The combination of the increased offspring and the changing density-dependent mortality as the population is reduced and then attempts to rebound toward equilibrium slows the growth rate of the total population and allows for introgression of the AP genes as AP females dominate the mating population of females.
The effective size N e (t1 t2) of a population within a time interval t1 t2 is the size of an idealized random mating population of constant size that causes the same decrease of gene diversity as the true population within t 2 − t 1 I generations.
We define the native effective size N eN (t1 t2) as the size of an idealized random mating population of constant size that causes the same decrease of the conditional gene diversity condGD(P t ) as the true population within t 2 − t 1 I generations.
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The general results for a population with constant random mating are derived in Appendix A, where three scenarios are considered: finite population of size ≥6, sibling-mating population of size 2, and large population of size »6.
Thus, in a randomly mating population, the probability of a diploid developing into a male is 1/k [6], [6].
In addition, theory predicts that a selfing mutation will rapidly spread in a randomly mating population as a result of the increased transmission of gametes to the next generation (Fisher, 1941; Jain, 1976; Charlesworth, 2006; Cheptou, 2012).
For F. verticillioides (anamorph stage of Gibberella fujikuroi, mating population A) assays, nine seeds of each GM event, plus Senia and S-hgr lines, were surface sterilized and incubated for 30 min in the presence of a suspension of F. verticillioides conidia (10 spores/ml) under agitation.
In a randomly mating population, underdominant systems accelerate introgression of desired alleles and allow the release of individuals to be discontinued once the frequency of transgenic alleles attains a threshold.
Such sampling should yield properties approximating those of a random mating population [ 53, 54].
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