Sentence examples for maternal size and from inspiring English sources

Indeed, the relationship between maternal size and investment may reinforce character displacement and population divergence in spadefoot toads.

When controlling for period, maternal size and genotype, no relation exists between egg size and clutch size in either environment (Figure 3b).

To examine the relationship between maternal size and egg size we collected 10 25 eggs, from each of the 20 clutches generated in the breeding described above, within a few hours of oviposition.

To determine if tadpole size, maternal size, and paternal size predicted offspring shrimp foraging ability we fit a linear mixed effect model to the data with maternal size (mother's SVL), paternal size (father's SVL) and tadpole size (SVL) as fixed effects.

Because the maternal size, and therefore potentially the ability to carry large number of pups, varies significantly between inbred strains (Table 1), we also recorded the weight gain of the mother through E14.5, at which point they were placed in front of the cameras and left undisturbed.

Maternal size, and to a lesser extent smoking, also accounted for some of the ethnic differences.

Additive genetic covariances (Cov A ), corrected for assortative mating, were calculated according to the following formula, derived from Lynch and Walsh (1998): (1) where b is the slope of the sire offspring regression, r is correlation between maternal and paternal size, and m is size-dependent maternal effect coefficient (Appendix S3).

Second, the ethnic differences were adjusted separately for: (i) demographic characteristics of the infant (gender and district of birth); (ii) maternal demographic characteristics (maternal age and number of pregnancies); (iii) maternal social characteristics (education and marital status); (iv) maternal size (height and weight); and (v) maternal behaviours (smoking and alcohol consumption).

In particular, there was a significant, positive relationship between maternal size (SVL) and egg volume (Fig. 3; slope  = 0.022 ± s.e. 0.09).

Relationships between maternal size before pregnancy and maternal fuels (glucose and lipids) during pregnancy, as well as the interrelationships between maternal fuels, were tested using Pearson correlation coefficients adjusting for SES, parity, and maternal age.

Factors with non-pathological effects on growth include gestational duration, gender [ 7- 9], maternal size [ 10] and parity [ 7, 11] and paternal size [ 12].