Sentence examples for maternal initiation from inspiring English sources

Maternal initiation of HAART also has benefits of increased survival chances for the woman herself (Herbst et al., 2009) and indirectly that of her children (Ndirangu et al., 2010).

American Society of Anesthesiologists ASAA) clinical practice guideline recommendation concerning spinal anesthesia for cesarean delivery states: "Although fluid preloading reduces the frequency of maternal hypotension, initiation of spinal anesthesia should not be delayed to administer fixed volume of intravenous fluid [ 11]".

Such reductions may be realized when HIV prevention and treatment interventions are optimized for HIV-infected mothers and their HIV-exposed infants at each step of the PMTCT cascade from HIV testing and counseling (HTC) and maternal ART initiation through infant nevirapine prophylaxis provision, early infant HIV diagnosis (EID), and maternal-infant follow-up until breastfeeding cessation [ 7, 8].

Table 2 (Included studies on maternal obesity and initiation of breastfeeding) includes the studies which have reported breastfeeding initiation (however defined), and the authors' definition when it varies from "ever breastfed".

To assess whether young maternal age at initiation of childbearing is associated with recurrence of perinatal mortality (PM), as well as its components: stillbirth and neonatal death.

In addition to these maternal characteristics, breastfeeding initiation and duration might be affected by practices during the intrapartum and very early postnatal period as well as infant characteristics.

The association between maternal age and initiation of antenatal care was similar in the unadjusted and adjusted analyses, with older women less likely to book late for antenatal care compared to a baseline of women aged 20 24 years.

However, recent evidence from Botswana suggesting that maternal antiretroviral treatment initiation before conception may be associated with very SGA infants (Parekh et al., 2011) needs confirmation, particularly given the potential for confounding by indication due to the limited ability to adjust for maternal disease status in this study.

We did find a strong association between breastfeeding initiation and maternal foreign-birth, and between breastfeeding duration and maternal age, foreign-birth, and infant birth weight, which have been previously described [ 26- 32].

Greater household wealth, urban locality, greater birth interval, earlier birth order, timely breastfeeding initiation, higher maternal age, increased number of antenatal visits, greater exposure to mass media, lower diarrheal incidence, as well as mothers' being employed, have been linked to lower malnutrition among children under five in Bangladesh [1, 2, 6, 19, 39, 45 47, 49].

Most women (11 of 12) in both groups were treated after delivery; however, genotypes in 10 of the 11 corresponding infants were obtained prior to initiation of maternal antiretroviral therapy and did not likely influence the resistance outcomes in these infants.