Understanding the genetic and biochemical basis of these different maternal effects on aging may guide effective interventions to improve health span and life span.
As a consequence, most of the previous studies investigating the responsiveness of plants to elevated CO2 within one generation failed to notice the maternal effects on the offspring growth and the predictions based on the results from such experiments can be challenged.
Our data thus suggest that prenatal infection-induced deficits in spatial short-term memory are mediated by prenatal maternal effects on the offspring.
Here, we combined a neonatal cross-fostering design with a mouse model of prenatal immune challenge induced by maternal gestational treatment with the viral mimetic poly(I C) to dissect the relative contribution of prenatal and postnatal maternal effects on the offspring.
The objective of the present paper was to extend the monospecific emergence model to a multi-specific weed flora, by removing a few non-generic processes (e.g. maternal effects on dormancy and germination) and by adapting the germination sub-model to a larger diversity of species.
Plus, Renée Duckworth discusses the role of maternal effects on species replacement in ecological communities shaped by forest fires.
Projects have included DNA sequence phylogenies of squirrels, experimental work on prenatal maternal effects on body size in large insular deermice, and morphometric studies of growth in elephants, dwarfism in an insular (Pleistocene) dwarf mammoth, and gigantism in insular deermice.
With respect to the importance of maternal effects on sex ratio and inbreeding depression, the findings in this study have to be carefully applied to other populations of S. subfragilis and other Salix species.
These findings parallel descriptions of maternal effects on phenotypic variation in reproductive function in other species.
In addition, a reciprocal sowing experiment demonstrated that elevated CO2 did not produce detectable maternal effects on the offspring after fifteen generations.
There were significant effects of dam (mother) on final spiderling size (F27, 54 = 3.6, P<0.0001), suggesting genetic and/or maternal effects on growth rate.
